極客書

Flex - Style with Skin

在Flex中，蒙皮是一個完全定製UI組件外觀的過程。

  • 皮膚可以定義組件的文本、圖像、過濾器、轉換和狀態。

  • 可以將皮膚創建爲單獨的mxml或ActionScript組件。

  • 使用皮膚，我們可以控制UI組件的所有視覺方面。

  • 對於所有UI組件，定義皮膚的過程都是相同的。

    • Step 1 – Create a Skin

    使用「新建MXML外觀」選項啓動「創建MXML外觀」嚮導。

    Flex Skin Wizard

    更新填充層，如下所示−

    <!-- fill -->
<s:Rect id = "backgroundRect" left = "0" right = "0" height = "100%" top = "0">
   <s:fill>
      <s:LinearGradient rotation = "90">
         <s:GradientEntry color = "0x888888" ratio = "0.2" />
         <s:GradientEntry color = "0x111111" ratio = "1" />
      </s:LinearGradient>
   </s:fill>
</s:Rect>

    Step 2: Apply Skin

    你可以用兩種方法在一個組件上塗抹皮膚;

    Apply skin in MXML script (statically)

    使用其skinClass屬性將GradientBackgroundSkin應用於idmainContainer的邊界容器。

    <s:BorderContainer width = "560" height = "500" id = "mainContainer" 
   styleName = "container">
   <s:VGroup width = "100%" height = "100%" gap = "50" 
      horizontalAlign = "center" verticalAlign = "middle" 
      skinClass = "com.tutorialspoint.skin.GradientBackgroundSkin">

    Apply skin in ActionScript (dynamically)

    使用其skinClass屬性將GradientBackgroundSkin應用於idmainContainer的邊界容器。

    protected function gradientBackground_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
   mainContainer.setStyle("skinClass", GradientBackgroundSkin);
}

    Flex Style with Skin Example

    讓我們按照以下步驟，通過創建一個測試應用程式來查看Flex應用程式中的蒙皮操作;

    Step Description
    1 Create a project with a name HelloWorld under a packagecom.tutorialspoint.client as explained in the Flex - Create Application chapter.
    2 Create skin GradientBackgroundSkin.mxml under a packagecom.tutorialspoint.skin as explained above. Keep rest of the files unchanged.
    3 Modify HelloWorld.mxml as explained below. Keep rest of the files unchanged.
    4 Compile and run the application to make sure business logic is working as per the requirements. 

    <?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<s:Skin xmlns:fx = "http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009" 
   xmlns:s = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark" 
   xmlns:mx = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx">
   
   <!-- host component -->
   <fx:Metadata>
      [HostComponent("spark.components.BorderContainer")]
   </fx:Metadata> 

   <!-- states -->
   <s:states>
      <s:State name = "disabled" />
      <s:State name = "disabled" />
      <s:State name = "normal" />
   </s:states>

   <!-- SkinParts
   name = contentGroup, type = spark.components.Group, required = false
   -->
   
   <!-- fill -->
   <s:Rect id = "backgroundRect" left = "0" right = "0" height = "100%" top = "0">
      <s:fill>
         <s:LinearGradient rotation = "90">
            <s:GradientEntry color = "0x111111" ratio = "0.2" />
            <s:GradientEntry color = "0x888888" ratio = "1" />
         </s:LinearGradient>
      </s:fill>
   </s:Rect>	
   
   <!-- must specify this for the host component --> 
   <s:Group id = "contentGroup" left = "0" right = "0" top = "0" bottom = "0" />
</s:Skin>


    <?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<s:Application xmlns:fx = "http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009"
   xmlns:s = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark"
   xmlns:mx = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx"
   width = "100%" height = "100%" minWidth = "500" minHeight = "500"
   initialize = "application_initializeHandler(event)">

   <fx:Style source = "/com/tutorialspoint/client/Style.css" />
   <fx:Script>
      <![CDATA[
         import com.tutorialspoint.skin.GradientBackgroundSkin;
         import mx.controls.Alert;
         import mx.events.FlexEvent;
         import spark.skins.spark.BorderContainerSkin;			

         protected function btnClickMe_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            Alert.show("Hello World!");				
         }

         protected function application_initializeHandler(event:FlexEvent):void {
            lblHeader.text = "My Hello World Application";				
         }

         protected function gradientBackground_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            mainContainer.setStyle("skinClass", GradientBackgroundSkin );
         }

         protected function standardBackground_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            mainContainer.setStyle("skinClass", BorderContainerSkin );
         }
      ]]>
   </fx:Script>
   
   <fx:Declarations>
      <s:RadioButtonGroup id = "selectorGroup" />
   </fx:Declarations>
   
   <s:BorderContainer width = "500" height = "500" id = "mainContainer"
      skinClass = "spark.skins.spark.BorderContainerSkin" 
      horizontalCenter = "0" verticalCenter = "0" cornerRadius = "10">
      
      <s:VGroup width = "100%" height = "100%" gap = "50" horizontalAlign = "center"
         verticalAlign = "middle">
         <s:Label id = "lblHeader" fontSize = "40" color = "green" 
            styleName = "heading" />
         <s:Button label = "Click Me!" id = "btnClickMe" 
            click = "btnClickMe_clickHandler(event)" />
         <s:RadioButton color = "gray" fontWeight = "bold" 
            group = "{selectorGroup}" label = "Standard Background" 
            click = "standardBackground_clickHandler(event)" selected = "true" />
         <s:RadioButton color = "gray" fontWeight = "bold" 
            group = "{selectorGroup}" label = "Gradient Background" 
            click = "gradientBackground_clickHandler(event)" />			
      </s:VGroup>			
   </s:BorderContainer>	
</s:Application>

    完成所有更改後，讓我們以正常模式編譯並運行應用程式，就像我們在flex-create application一章中所做的那樣。如果您的應用程式一切正常，它將產生以下結果：[聯機試用]

    Flex Skin Style1