Flex - Create Application

我們將使用Flash Builder 4.5創建Flex應用程式。讓我們從一個簡單的應用程式開始。

Step 1 – Create Project

第一步是使用Flash Builder IDE創建一個簡單的Flex項目。使用選項File>New>Flex project啓動項目嚮導。現在使用嚮導窗口將您的項目命名爲HelloWorld，如下所示−

Folder	Location
table table-bordered	原始碼（mxml/as類）文件。
bin-debug	這是輸出部分，它表示實際的可部署web應用程式。 History文件夾包含Flex應用程式歷史管理的支持文件。 framework_xxx.swf，flex應用程式應該使用flex framework文件。 HelloWorld.html，flex應用程式的包裝器/宿主html文件。 HelloWorld.swf，我們基於flex的應用程式。 playerProductInstall.swf，flash播放器快速安裝程序。 spark_xxx.swf，spark組件支持庫。 js，負責在HelloWorld.html中加載HelloWorld.swf的JavaScript。它檢查flash播放器版本並將初始化參數傳遞給HelloWorld.swf文件。 textLayout xxx.swf，文本組件支持庫。
html-template	這表示可配置的web應用程式。Flash Builder將文件從html模板編譯到bin調試文件夾。 History文件夾包含Flex應用程式歷史管理的支持文件。 index.template.html，flex應用程式的包裝器/宿主html文件，具有Flash Builder特定配置的占位符。在生成期間編譯到bin debug文件夾中的HelloWorld.html。 playerProductInstall.swf，flash player express安裝程序將在生成期間複製到bin debug文件夾。 js，負責在HelloWorld.html中加載HelloWorld.swf的JavaScript。它檢查flash播放器版本，並將初始化參數傳遞給HelloWorld。swf文件在生成期間被複製到bindebug文件夾。

選擇應用程式類型Web（在Adobe Flash Player中運行）。但是，如果未選中此選項，則保留其他默認值，然後單擊「完成」按鈕。成功創建項目後，您的項目資源管理器中將包含以下內容−

以下是對所有重要文件夾的簡要描述;

Folder Location

table table-bordered
原始碼（mxml/as類）文件。

bin-debug
這是輸出部分，它表示實際的可部署web應用程式。

History文件夾包含Flex應用程式歷史管理的支持文件。

framework_xxx.swf，flex應用程式應該使用flex framework文件。

HelloWorld.html，flex應用程式的包裝器/宿主html文件。

HelloWorld.swf，我們基於flex的應用程式。

playerProductInstall.swf，flash播放器快速安裝程序。

spark_xxx.swf，spark組件支持庫。

js，負責在HelloWorld.html中加載HelloWorld.swf的JavaScript。它檢查flash播放器版本並將初始化參數傳遞給HelloWorld.swf文件。

textLayout xxx.swf，文本組件支持庫。

html-template
這表示可配置的web應用程式。Flash Builder將文件從html模板編譯到bin調試文件夾。

History文件夾包含Flex應用程式歷史管理的支持文件。

index.template.html，flex應用程式的包裝器/宿主html文件，具有Flash Builder特定配置的占位符。在生成期間編譯到bin debug文件夾中的HelloWorld.html。

playerProductInstall.swf，flash player express安裝程序將在生成期間複製到bin debug文件夾。

js，負責在HelloWorld.html中加載HelloWorld.swf的JavaScript。它檢查flash播放器版本，並將初始化參數傳遞給HelloWorld。swf文件在生成期間被複製到bindebug文件夾。

Step 2 – Create External CSS File

在HTML template文件夾中爲包裝HTML頁面創建CSS文件styles.CSS。

html, body { height:100%; } body { margin:0; padding:0; overflow:auto; text-align:center; } object:focus { outline:none; } #flashContent { display:none; } .pluginHeader { font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:14px; color:#9b1204; text-decoration:none; font-weight:bold; } .pluginInstallText { font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:12px; color:#000000; line-height:18px; font-style:normal; } .pluginText { font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:12px; color:#000000; line-height:18px; font-style:normal; }

Step 3 – Modify Wrapper HTML page template

修改HTML template文件夾中的包裝HTML頁面模板index.template.HTML。Flash Builder將創建一個默認的包裝HTML頁面模板HTML template/index.template.HTML，該模板將編譯爲HelloWorld.HTML。

此文件包含Flash Builder在編譯過程中替換的占位符。例如，flash播放器版本、應用程式名稱等。

如果沒有安裝flash插件，讓我們修改這個文件以顯示自定義消息。

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang = "en" xml:lang = "en">
   
   <head>
      <title>${title}</title>
      <meta name = "google" value = "notranslate" />
      <meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset = utf-8" />
      <link rel = "stylesheet" href = "styles.css" type = "text/css"></link>
      <link rel = "stylesheet" type = "text/css" href = "history/history.css" />
      <script type = "text/javascript" table table-bordered = "history/history.js">
      </script>
      <script type = "text/javascript" table table-bordered = "swfobject.js"></script>
      
      <script type = "text/javascript">
         // For version detection, set to min. required Flash Player version,
         //or 0 (or 0.0.0), for no version detection.
         var swfVersionStr = "${version_major}.${version_minor}.${version_revision}";

         // To use express install, set to playerProductInstall.swf,
         //otherwise the empty string.
         var xiSwfUrlStr = "${expressInstallSwf}";
         var flashvars = {};
         var params = {};
         params.quality = "high";
         params.bgcolor = "${bgcolor}";
         params.allowscriptaccess = "sameDomain";
         params.allowfullscreen = "true";
         
         var attributes = {};
         attributes.id = "${application}";
         attributes.name = "${application}";
         attributes.align = "middle";
         swfobject.embedSWF (
            "${swf}.swf", "flashContent",
            "${width}", "${height}",
            swfVersionStr, xiSwfUrlStr,
            flashvars, params, attributes);

         // JavaScript enabled so display the flashContent div in case
         //it is not replaced with a swf object.
         swfobject.createCSS("#flashContent", "display:block;text-align:left;");
      </script>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <div id = "flashContent">
         <p style = "margin:100px;">

            <table width = "700" cellpadding = "10" cellspacing = "2" border = "0">
               <tr>
                  <td class = "pluginHeader">Flash Player Required</td>
               </tr>
               
               <tr>
                  <td class = "pluginText">The Adobe Flash Player version
                     10.2.0 or greater is required.</td>
               </tr>
               
               <tr>
                  <td class = "pluginInstallText" align = "left">
               
                  <table border = "0" width = "100%">
                     <tr class = "pluginInstallText" >
                        <td>Click here to download and install Adobe Flash Player:</td>
                        <td> </td>
                        <td align = "right">
                           <script type = "text/javascript">
                              var pageHost
                                 = ((document.location.protocol == "https:") ? "https://" : "http://");
                              document.write("<a target = '_blank'"
                                 +" href = 'http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/'><"
                                 +"img style = 'border-style: none' table table-bordered = '"
                                 +pageHost
                                 +"www.adobe.com/images/shared/download_buttons/get_flash_player.gif'"
                                 +" alt = 'Get Adobe Flash player' /></a>" );
                           </script>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </table>
               </tr>
            </table>
         </p>
      </div>
      
      <noscript>
         <object classid = "clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000"
            width = "${width}" height = "${height}" id = "${application}">
            <param name = "movie" value = "${swf}.swf" />
            <param name = "quality" value = "high" />
            <param name = "bgcolor" value = "${bgcolor}" />
            <param name = "allowScriptAccess" value = "sameDomain" />
            <param name = "allowFullScreen" value = "true" />
         
            <!--[if !IE]>-->
            <object type = "application/x-shockwave-flash" data = "${swf}.swf"
               width = "${width}" height = "${height}">
               <param name = "quality" value = "high" />
               <param name = "bgcolor" value = "${bgcolor}" />
               <param name = "allowScriptAccess" value = "sameDomain" />
               <param name = "allowFullScreen" value = "true" />
            <!--<![endif]-->
         
            <!--[if gte IE 6]>-->
               <p>
                  <p style = "margin:100px;">
                     <table width = "700" cellpadding = "10" cellspacing = "2" 
                        border = "0">
                        <tr>
                           <td class = "pluginHeader">Flash Player Required</td>
                        </tr>
                        
                        <tr>
                           <td class = "pluginText">The Adobe Flash Player version
                           10.2.0 or greater is required.</td>
                        </tr>
                        
                        <tr>
                           <td class = "pluginInstallText" align = "left">

                           <table border = "0" width = "100%">
                              <tr class = "pluginInstallText" >
                                 <td>Click here to download and install Adobe Flash 
                                    Player:</td>
                                 <td> </td>
                                 <td align = "right">
                                    <script type = "text/javascript">
                                       var pageHost
                                          = ((document.location.protocol == "https:") ? "https://" : "http://");
                                       document.write("<a target = '_blank'"
                                          +" href = 'http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/'><"
                                          +"img style = 'border-style: none' table table-bordered = '"
                                          +pageHost
                                          +"www.adobe.com/images/shared/download_buttons/get_flash_player.gif'"
                                          +" alt = 'Get Adobe Flash player' /></a>" );
                                    </script>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </p>
               </p>
            <!--<![endif]-->
         
            <p style = "margin:100px;">
               <table width = "700" cellpadding = "10" cellspacing = "2" border = "0">
                  <tr><td class = "pluginHeader">Flash Player Required</td></tr>
                  <tr><td class = "pluginText">The Adobe Flash Player version
                     10.2.0 or greater is required.</td></tr>
                  <tr>
                     <td class = "pluginInstallText" align = "left">
                        <table border = "0" width = "100%">
                           <tr class = "pluginInstallText" >
                              <td>Click here to download and install Adobe Flash 
                                 Player:</td>
                              <td> </td>
                              <td align = "right">
                                 <script type = "text/javascript">
                                    var pageHost
                                       = ((document.location.protocol == "https:") ? "https://" : "http://");
                                    document.write("<a target = '_blank'"
                                       +" href = 'http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/'><"
                                       +"img style = 'border-style: none' table table-bordered = '"
                                       +pageHost
                                       +"www.adobe.com/images/shared/download_buttons/get_flash_player.gif'"
                                       +" alt = 'Get Adobe Flash player' /></a>" );
                                 </script>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </td>
                  </tr>
               </table>
            </p>
         <!--[if !IE]>-->
         </object>
         <!--<![endif]-->
         </object>
      </noscript>
   </body>
</html>

Step 4 – Create Internal CSS file

/* CSS file */
@namespace s "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark";
@namespace mx "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx";

.heading {
   fontFamily: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
   fontSize: 17px;
   color: #9b1204;
   textDecoration:none;
   fontWeight:normal;
}

.button {
   fontWeight: bold;			
}

.container {
   cornerRadius :10;
   horizontalCenter :0;	
   borderColor: #777777;
   verticalCenter:0;
   backgroundColor: #efefef;
}

Step 5 – Modify Entry Level Class

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<s:Application xmlns:fx = "http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009"
   xmlns:s = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark"
   xmlns:mx = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx
   width = "100%" height = "100%"
      minWidth = "500" minHeight = "500"
      initialize = "application_initializeHandler(event)">
   
   <fx:Style source = "/com/tutorialspoint/client/Style.css" />
   <fx:Script>
      <![CDATA[
         import mx.controls.Alert;
         import mx.events.FlexEvent;
         protected function btnClickMe_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            Alert.show("Hello World!");
         }

         protected function application_initializeHandler(event:FlexEvent):void {
            lblHeader.text = "My Hello World Application";
         }
      ]]>
   </fx:Script>
   
   <s:BorderContainer width = "500" height = "500" id = "mainContainer"
      styleName = "container">
      <s:VGroup width = "100%" height = "100%" gap = "50" horizontalAlign = "center"
         verticalAlign = "middle">
         <s:Label id = "lblHeader" fontSize = "40" color = "0x777777"
            styleName = "heading" />
         <s:Button label = "Click Me!" id = "btnClickMe"
            click = "btnClickMe_clickHandler(event)" styleName = "button" />
      </s:VGroup>
   </s:BorderContainer>
</s:Application>

您可以在同一個源目錄中創建更多的mxml或actionscript文件，以定義新的應用程式或定義幫助程序例程。

Step 6 – Build Application

默認情況下，Flash Builder已選中「自動生成」。如果有任何錯誤，只需檢查問題視圖。完成更改後，將不會看到任何錯誤。

Step 7 – Run Application

現在點擊run application菜單並選擇HelloWorld來運行應用程式。

如果一切正常，您必須看到瀏覽器彈出，應用程式啓動，並運行。如果您的應用程式一切正常，它將產生以下結果：[聯機試用]

因爲，你正在flash player中運行你的應用程式，那麼它需要爲你的瀏覽器安裝flashplayer插件。只需按照螢幕上的說明安裝插件。如果您已經爲您的瀏覽器設置了Flash Player插件，那麼您應該能夠看到以下輸出;

祝賀你！您已經使用Flex實現了第一個應用程式。