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SQLite Java

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安裝

在我們開始之前，我們需要在Java程序中使用SQLite，以確保我們有SQLite的JDBC驅動程序和Java的機器上。可以查看如何在機器上安裝Java的教學。現在，讓我們來檢查一下如何設置SQLite的JDBC驅動程序。

  • 下載 sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar 的最新版本： sqlite-jdbc .

  • 添加下載的jar文件sqlite-jdbc-(VERSION).jar 在類路徑中，可以用帶 - classpath選項，如下麵例子。 

以下章節假定你對Java JDBC概念所知不多。如果你不這樣做，那麼就建議花了半個小時學習JDBC教學，以便能比較好的理解以下概念和解釋。

連接到數據庫

繼Java程序顯示了如何連接到一個現有的數據庫。如果數據庫不存在，那麼它就會被創建，終於將返回一個數據庫對象。

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Opened database successfully");
  }
}

現在，讓我們來編譯和運行上麵的程序在當前目錄中創建我們的數據庫test.db。按要求，可以改變路徑。我們假設目前版本的JDBC驅動程序sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar 可在當前路徑

$javac SQLiteJDBC.java
$java -classpath ".:sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC
Open database successfully

如果使用Windows機器上，那麼就可以編譯和運行代碼如下：

$javac SQLiteJDBC.java
$java -classpath ".;sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar" SQLiteJDBC
Opened database successfully

創建表

下麵的Java程序將被用於先前創建的數據庫中創建一個表：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "CREATE TABLE COMPANY " +
                   "(ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL," +
                   " NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL, " + 
                   " AGE            INT     NOT NULL, " + 
                   " ADDRESS        CHAR(50), " + 
                   " SALARY         REAL)"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Table created successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執行時，它會創建test.db的文件和最終列出COMPANY表將如下：

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3201128 Jan 22 19:04 sqlite-jdbc-3.7.2.jar
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    1506 May  8 05:43 SQLiteJDBC.class
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     832 May  8 05:42 SQLiteJDBC.java
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    3072 May  8 05:43 test.db

INSERT 操作

下麵的Java程序，顯示我們如何能夠創造我們的COMPANY在上麵的例子中創建表中的記錄：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
                   "VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      sql = "INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) " +
            "VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );"; 
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);

      stmt.close();
      c.commit();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Records created successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執行時，它會創建COMPANY表中的記錄，並會顯示以下兩行：

Opened database successfully
Records created successfully

SELECT 操作

下麵的Java程序，表明我們如何能夠獲取並顯示COMPANY表 在上麵的例子中創建表的記錄：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執行時，它會產生以下結果：

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

UPDATE 操作

下麵的Java代碼顯示了如何我們可以使用UPDATE語句來更新任何記錄，然後獲取並顯示更新的記錄，從COMPANY 表：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;";
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      c.commit();

      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執行時，它會產生以下結果：

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000.0

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully

DELETE 操作

下麵的Java代碼，表明我們如何能夠使用DELETE語句刪除任何記錄，然後獲取並顯示COMPANY表剩餘的記錄：

import java.sql.*;

public class SQLiteJDBC
{
  public static void main( String args[] )
  {
    Connection c = null;
    Statement stmt = null;
    try {
      Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");
      c = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:test.db");
      c.setAutoCommit(false);
      System.out.println("Opened database successfully");

      stmt = c.createStatement();
      String sql = "DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;";
      stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
      c.commit();

      ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM COMPANY;" );
      while ( rs.next() ) {
         int id = rs.getInt("id");
         String  name = rs.getString("name");
         int age  = rs.getInt("age");
         String  address = rs.getString("address");
         float salary = rs.getFloat("salary");
         System.out.println( "ID = " + id );
         System.out.println( "NAME = " + name );
         System.out.println( "AGE = " + age );
         System.out.println( "ADDRESS = " + address );
         System.out.println( "SALARY = " + salary );
         System.out.println();
      }
      rs.close();
      stmt.close();
      c.close();
    } catch ( Exception e ) {
      System.err.println( e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage() );
      System.exit(0);
    }
    System.out.println("Operation done successfully");
  }
}

上述程序編譯和執行時，它會產生以下結果：

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
AGE = 32
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000.0

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
AGE = 23
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000.0

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
AGE = 25
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000.0

Operation done successfully


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