Spring @Required注釋
@Required注解適用於bean屬性的setter方法並且它指示,受影響的bean屬性必須在配置時被填充在XML配置文件中,否則容器將拋出BeanInitializationException例外。下麵是一個例子,說明使用@ Required注解。
例子:
我們使用Eclipse IDE,然後按照下麵的步驟來創建一個Spring應用程序:
步驟 | 描述 |
---|---|
1 | Create a project with a name SpringExample and create a package com.yiibai under the src folder in the created project. |
2 | Add required Spring libraries using Add External JARs option as explained in the Spring Hello World Example chapter. |
3 | Create Java classes Student and MainApp under the com.yiibai package. |
4 | Create Beans configuration file Beans.xml under the src folder. |
5 | The final step is to create the content of all the Java files and Bean Configuration file and run the application as explained below. |
這裡是Student.java文件的內容:
package com.yiibai; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Required; public class Student { private Integer age; private String name; @Required public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } @Required public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } }
以下是MainApp.java文件的內容:
package com.yiibai; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class MainApp { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml"); Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student"); System.out.println("Name : " + student.getName() ); System.out.println("Age : " + student.getAge() ); } }
以下是配置文件beans.xml中的內容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <context:annotation-config/> <!-- Definition for student bean --> <bean id="student" class="com.yiibai.Student"> <property name="name" value="Zara" /> <!-- try without passing age and check the result --> <!-- property name="age" value="11"--> </bean> </beans>
一旦創建源代碼和bean配置文件完成後,讓我們運行應用程序。如果一切順利,這將拋出BeanInitializationException異常,並與其他日誌信息打印以下錯誤:
Property 'age' is required for bean 'student'
接下來,可以從“age”屬性中刪除注釋如下嘗試後,上麵的例子:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <context:annotation-config/> <!-- Definition for student bean --> <bean id="student" class="com.yiibai.Student"> <property name="name" value="Zara" /> <property name="age" value="11"/> </bean> </beans>
現在,上麵的例子會產生以下結果:
Name : Zara Age : 11