Spring MVC 表單處理實例
下麵的例子展示了如何編寫一個簡單的基於Web的應用程序,它利用了使用Spring的Web MVC框架的HTML表單。要開始使用它,使用Eclipse IDE,並按照以下步驟使用Spring Web框架開發動態表單的Web應用程序:
步驟 | 描述 |
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1 | Create a Dynamic Web Project with a name HelloWeb and create a packagecom.yiibai under the src folder in the created project. |
2 | Drag and drop below mentioned Spring and other libraries into the folder WebContent/WEB-INF/lib. |
3 | Create a Java classes Student and StudentController under the com.yiibai package. |
4 | Create Spring configuration files Web.xml and HelloWeb-servlet.xml under theWebContent/WEB-INF folder. |
5 | Create a sub-folder with a name jsp under the WebContent/WEB-INF folder. Create a view files student.jsp and result.jsp under this sub-folder. |
6 | The final step is to create the content of all the source and configuration files and export the application as explained below. |
這裡是Student.java文件的內容:
package com.yiibai; public class Student { private Integer age; private String name; private Integer id; public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public Integer getId() { return id; } }
以下是StudentController.java文件的內容:
package com.yiibai; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; @Controller public class StudentController { @RequestMapping(value = "/student", method = RequestMethod.GET) public ModelAndView student() { return new ModelAndView("student", "command", new Student()); } @RequestMapping(value = "/addStudent", method = RequestMethod.POST) public String addStudent(@ModelAttribute("SpringWeb")Student student, ModelMap model) { model.addAttribute("name", student.getName()); model.addAttribute("age", student.getAge()); model.addAttribute("id", student.getId()); return "result"; } }
在這裡,第一個服務方法student(),我們已經通過名稱“command”的ModelAndView對象的Student空對象,因為spring框架需要一個對象名稱“command”,如果使用的是<form:form>標簽在JSP文件中。因此,當student()方法被調用返回student.jsp視圖。
第二個服務方法addStudent()將調用映射的URL HelloWeb/addStudent 的POST方法。您將根據所提交的信息,準備好模型對象。最後一個“result”視圖會從服務方法返回,渲染result.jsp。
以下是Spring Web配置文件web.xml 的內容
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <display-name>Spring MVC Form Handling</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
下麵是另一個Spring Web配置文件的HelloWeb-servlet.xml 內容
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.yiibai" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
以下是Spring視圖文件student.jsp的內容
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%> <html> <head> <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title> </head> <body> <h2>Student Information</h2> <form:form method="POST" action="/HelloWeb/addStudent"> <table> <tr> <td><form:label path="name">Name</form:label></td> <td><form:input path="name" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><form:label path="age">Age</form:label></td> <td><form:input path="age" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><form:label path="id">id</form:label></td> <td><form:input path="id" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <input type="submit" value="Submit"/> </td> </tr> </table> </form:form> </body> </html>
以下是Spring視圖文件result.jsp 的內容
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%> <html> <head> <title>Spring MVC Form Handling</title> </head> <body> <h2>Submitted Student Information</h2> <table> <tr> <td>Name</td> <td>${name}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Age</td> <td>${age}</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ID</td> <td>${id}</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
最後,下麵是Spring和其他庫包含在Web應用程序的列表。你隻需將這些文件拖放它們的WebContent/ WEB-INF/ lib文件夾中。
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commons-logging-x.y.z.jar
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org.springframework.asm-x.y.z.jar
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org.springframework.beans-x.y.z.jar
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org.springframework.context-x.y.z.jar
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org.springframework.core-x.y.z.jar
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org.springframework.expression-x.y.z.jar
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org.springframework.web.servlet-x.y.z.jar
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org.springframework.web-x.y.z.jar
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spring-web.jar
創建源代碼和配置文件完成後,導出應用程序。右鍵單擊應用程序和使用Export> WAR文件選項並保存SpringWeb.war文件到Tomcat的webapps文件夾中。
現在啟動Tomcat服務器,並確保您能夠訪問來自的webapps文件夾中使用標準的瀏覽器。現在嘗試一個URL http://localhost:8080/SpringWeb/student,你應該看到下麵的結果:
提交必要的信息後點擊提交按鈕提交表單。應該看到下麵的結果: