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Spring SQL存儲過程

SimpleJdbcCall的類可以用來調用帶有IN和OUT參數的存儲過程。你可以使用這種方法,而與任何喜歡的Apache Derby,DB2,MySQL和微軟SQL服務器,Oracle和Sybase RDBMS中的工作。

為了理解這種方法讓我們把我們能在MySQL數據庫中測試用下麵的DDL創建Student表:

CREATE TABLE Student(
   ID   INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
   AGE  INT NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

其次,考慮以下的MySQL存儲過程這需要學生證和用OUT參數對應的學生的姓名和年齡的回報。因此,讓我們使用MySQL命令提示符下在測試數據庫中創建該存儲過程:

DELIMITER $$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `TEST`.`getRecord` $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `TEST`.`getRecord` (
IN in_id INTEGER,
OUT out_name VARCHAR(20),
OUT out_age  INTEGER)
BEGIN
   SELECT name, age
   INTO out_name, out_age
   FROM Student where id = in_id;
END $$

DELIMITER ;

現在讓我們寫了Spring JDBC應用程序,將執行我們的學生桌簡單的創建和讀取操作。使用Eclipse IDE,然後按照下麵的步驟來創建一個Spring應用程序:

步驟 描述
1 Create a project with a name SpringExample and create a package com.yiibai under the src folder in the created project.
2 Add required Spring libraries using Add External JARs option as explained in the Spring Hello World Example chapter.
3 Add Spring JDBC specific latest libraries mysql-connector-java.jar,org.springframework.jdbc.jar and org.springframework.transaction.jar in the project. You can download required libraries if you do not have them already.
4 Create DAO interface StudentDAO and list down all the required methods. Though it is not required and you can directly write StudentJDBCTemplate class, but as a good practice, let's do it.
5 Create other required Java classes StudentStudentMapperStudentJDBCTemplate andMainApp under the com.yiibai package.
6 Make sure you already created Student table in TEST database. Also make sure your MySQL server is working fine and you have read/write access on the database using the given username and password.
7 Create Beans configuration file Beans.xml under the src folder.
8 The final step is to create the content of all the Java files and Bean Configuration file and run the application as explained below.

以下是數據訪問對象接口文件StudentDAO.java的內容:

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

public interface StudentDAO {
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to initialize
    * database resources ie. connection.
    */
   public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to create
    * a record in the Student table.
    */
   public void create(String name, Integer age);
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to list down
    * a record from the Student table corresponding
    * to a passed student id.
    */
   public Student getStudent(Integer id);
   /** 
    * This is the method to be used to list down
    * all the records from the Student table.
    */
   public List<Student> listStudents();

}

以下是Student.java文件的內容:

package com.yiibai;

public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;
   private Integer id;

   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      return age;
   }

   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }

   public void setId(Integer id) {
      this.id = id;
   }
   public Integer getId() {
      return id;
   }
}

以下是StudentMapper.java文件的內容:

package com.yiibai;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
   public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
      Student student = new Student();
      student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
      student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
      student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
      return student;
   }
}

下麵是實現類文件StudentJDBCTemplate.java定義DAO接口StudentDAO:

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.MapSqlParameterSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.SqlParameterSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcCall;

public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
   private DataSource dataSource;
   private SimpleJdbcCall jdbcCall;

   public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
      this.dataSource = dataSource;
      this.jdbcCall =  new SimpleJdbcCall(dataSource).
                       withProcedureName("getRecord");
   }

   public void create(String name, Integer age) {
      JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
      String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)";

      jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age);
      System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
      return;
   }

   public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
      SqlParameterSource in = new MapSqlParameterSource().
                              addValue("in_id", id);
      Map<String, Object> out = jdbcCall.execute(in);

      Student student = new Student();
      student.setId(id);
      student.setName((String) out.get("out_name"));
      student.setAge((Integer) out.get("out_age"));

      return student;
   }

   public List<Student> listStudents() {
      String SQL = "select * from Student";
      
      List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, 
                                      new StudentMapper());
      return students;
   }

}

關於上麵的程序幾句話:你寫的調用的執行代碼時,需要創建包含IN參數的一個SqlParameterSource。重要的是要配合提供與存儲過程中聲明的參數名的輸入值的名稱。 execute方法接收傳入的參數,並返回包含任何列在存儲過程中指定的名稱鍵入參數的映射。現在讓我們修改主應用程序文件MainApp.java,這是如下:

package com.yiibai;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate;

public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = 
             new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");

      StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = 
      (StudentJDBCTemplate)context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
      
      System.out.println("------Records Creation--------" );
      studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11);
      studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 2);
      studentJDBCTemplate.create("Ayan", 15);

      System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------" );
      List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
      for (Student record : students) {
         System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId() );
         System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName() );
         System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
      }

      System.out.println("----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----" );
      Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(2);
      System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId() );
      System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName() );
      System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge());
	  
   }
}

以下是配置文件beans.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">

   <!-- Initialization for data source -->
   <bean id="dataSource" 
      class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
      <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TEST"/>
      <property name="username" value="root"/>
      <property name="password" value="password"/>
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
   <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" 
      class="com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate">
      <property name="dataSource"  ref="dataSource" />    
   </bean>
      
</beans>

創建源代碼和bean配置文件完成後,讓我們運行應用程序。如果一切順利,這將打印以下信息:

------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Zara Age = 11
Created Record Name = Nuha Age = 2
Created Record Name = Ayan Age = 15
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Zara, Age : 11
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 2
ID : 3, Name : Ayan, Age : 15
----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 2