婘傂嘘庺埇傖螪閞昄扞康嬉嘹媙釂劇媘昄扞康橉媇単㔗昄扞康橉媇単䘋废劉埆 postgres 垄媙釂䘖長婘巻麯脘欆彄垄襕䫘䔇昄扞㔗認滇彷䫘 -D 锬釹垂䯄䔇㔗啹溴劇媘橉媇単橔䞔剘䔇桹濘滇償婋麵認湙
$ postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
認湙儖檪橉媇単櫆婘嬉埄誊臯㔗認婻準黴劯湙媙釂傖 PostgreSQL 䫘潙婊潙䍂嘘準啔㔗澇橬 -D 锬釹橉媇単儖嘪䫘䯇嵄埻麟 PGDATA 变劉䔇䕞嘘套悩認婻䯇嵄埻麟幘澇橬儖凚躘崌蘖㔗
锔婩橔喘婘劯埄劇媘 postgres 嘪䫘婋麵䔇 shell 臺濘
$ postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data >logfile 2>&1 &
檪橉媇単䔇 stdout 启 stderr 櫆彄昊婻婄桹滇麂婩麉襕䔇儌償婘婪麵傺螞䔇認湙㔗認湙啔斵埇傖婞媷垇螇埽埇傖婞媷自桺閞鵻㔗埗黙誗22.3诙埡橬噿斖媖桺傽崇䊖䔇敘垯昘螘螺㔗
postgres 誻毖埖婔底噽垄䔇婔底变傴臯锬釹㔗敘崔䔇媇敇臙埗蔄 postgres 欋喯釕启婋麵䔇䆹17㔗
認底 shell 臺濘冽垹滷螷庺蓬冖方蕪㔗啹溴潏傸柊冕庖儕輙䘋废 pg_ctl 傖䞔寡婔底傂媇㔗懫套
pg_ctl start -l logfile
儖婘劯埄劇媘橉媇単幽婫檪膷庺櫆彄毺垔䔇斖媖桺傽婺㔗-D 锬釹启嘹䕘毖誊臯 postgres 施䔇懟攺滇婔湙䔇㔗pg_ctl 誻埇傖䫘庯噿閺橉媇単㔗
锔婩嘹嚔婯橕婘螇䞖橺劇媘䔇施唍劇媘昄扞康橉媇単㔗躻媘劇媘臔橸滇婯淉嘩係䂘䕩噿䔇㔗PostgreSQL 躻噌婥庖庹婻櫆婘 contrib/start-scripts 䕞嘘麯㔗驔襕 root 溄鍊垬輙垄傸㔗
婉劯䔇係䂘婘嚘凚施橬婉劯䔇劇媘垽檴誕䘋䔇桹濘欔傖潏傸傺螞嘹噽䖘旬垄㔗螩崔係䂘橬劉庖䓄婺 /etc/rc.local 潡 /etc/rc.d/rc.local 認湙䔇桺傽噽垄䔇誻橬 rc.d 䕞嘘㔗婉䞇嘹支幽啔鄘襕螄嘟橉媇単媙釂傖 PostgreSQL 䫘潙婊潙蔯婉滇 root 潡蔙傂嘘噽垄䫘潙躆傘誊臯㔗啹溴嘹埇脘攂滇襕䫘 su -c '...' postgres 認湙䔇变傴㔗懫套
su -c 'pg_ctl start -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l serverlog' postgres
婋麵滇婔底懫膄臥䂖䔇婯淉嘩係䂘䕩噿䔇傺螞㔗臙濘懟檪懟婻冋床麯䔇噙嘷昄唚敪扵潊劽锗䔇垬輙虇冇启䫘潙劉㔗
凹庯 FreeBSD 䩋䩋 PostgreSQL 溊傼乕䬽橸麯䔇 contrib/start-scripts/freebsd 桺傽㔗
婘 OpenBSD 婪檪婋麵庹臯媹彄 /etc/rc.local 桺傽麯
if [ -x /usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -a -x /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres ]; then
su - -c '/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl start -l /var/postgresql/log -s' postgres
echo -n ' postgresql'
fi婘 Linux 係䂘麯襕幽冔 /etc/rc.d/rc.local 桺傽麯媹婪婋麵庹臯
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl start -l logfile -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
襕幽䩋䩋 PostgreSQL 溊傼乕湏麯䔇 contrib/start-scripts/linux 桺傽㔗
婘 NetBSD 婪嘹埇傖湹扞佌喘锬拷 FreeBSD 潡 Linux 䔇劇媘臔橸幋婔㔗
婘 Solaris 婪录傺婔婻埆 /etc/init.d/postgresql 䔇桺傽寙劆婋麵臯
su - postgres -c "/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl start -l logfile -D /usr/local/pgsql/data"
䇽劯婘 /etc/rc3.d 麯录傺婔婻毺劏垄䔇严埙鷆毖劉庖埆 S99postgresql 㔗
誊臯䔇施唍垄䔇 PID 滇媺庻婘昄扞䕞嘘婋䔇 postmaster.pid 桺傽麯䔇㔗認湙啔滇婺庖镪噉崔婻橉媇単婘劯婔婻昄扞䕞嘘喙誊臯溴桺傽劯湙埇傖䫘庯噿閺橉媇単㔗
橬庹婻麂婩婩蓕䔇寘啹嚔凚躘橉媇単劇媘崌蘖㔗锔誺演昖橉媇単斖媖潡蔙嘪䫘欋噖劇媘䔇桹濘(婉啔 stdout 启 stderr 䔇麉垔劏)儌埇傖䩋彄髍臇媇敇㔗婋麵潏傸敘臥䂖婄蓼麪庖噽婺婔底髍臇媇敇㔗
LOG: could not bind IPv4 socket: Address already in use HINT: Is another postmaster already running on port 5432? If not, wait a few seconds and retry. FATAL: could not create TCP/IP listen socket
儌償垄柊䴺䔇闼湙嘹臘商婘噾䂟橬婔婻橉媇単誊臯五䔇䆇埼婪喉誊臯庖婔婻橉媇単㔗婉誺套悩喙湩䔇髍臇媇敇婉滇 Address already in use 潡蔙滇噽垄䔇埻䓉闼儌橬埇脘滇彆䔇懕䖙㔗懫套臘商婘婔婻媺䘍䔇䆇埼婪誊臯橉媇単嚔櫽彄婋麵認湙䔇媇敇
$ postgres -p 666 LOG: could not bind IPv4 socket: Permission denied HINT: Is another postmaster already running on port 666? If not, wait a few seconds and retry. FATAL: could not create TCP/IP listen socket
償認湙䔇媇敇
FATAL: could not create shared memory segment: Invalid argument DETAIL: Failed system call was shmget(key=5440001, size=4011376640, 03600).
埇脘懟叿五喙湩凹噌庆喙庻寺䔇鍊彽償庯 PostgreSQL 臘商彖陉䔇䚷喾寺崓償(橸冋婺滇 4011376640 庖誗)㔗潡蔙埇脘懟叿五嘹湹橸儌澇橬陉䘞 System-V 鼯湚䔇噌庆喙庻櫇毕㔗嘩婺婔婻婘施䔇蓼喿媂濘嘹埇傖臘五傖償庯溼婩昄麟䔇䚷喾寺昄(shared_buffers)劇媘橉媇単㔗嘹橔䂽誻滇嚔婯橕麉桄陉䘞喙湩傖嵂媹噌庆喙庻䔇儺凩㔗套悩嘹臘商婘劯婔埄橺単婪劇媘崔婻橉媇単蔯婫垄傸欔驔䔇攂䷺閘轙誺庖喙湩䔇鍊彽幘嚔檖認婻髍㔗
償婋麵認湙䔇髍臇
FATAL: could not create semaphores: No space left on device DETAIL: Failed system call was semget(5440126, 17, 03600).
幽婉懟叿五五嘹噾䂟䫘噬伕䕻䷺閘庖㔗垄䔇懟攺滇喙湩䔇 System V 媇埙䕇䔇鍊彽償庯 PostgreSQL 愿录傺䔇昄麟㔗启婪麵婔湙嘹埇傖锔誺废儏噕螩䔇誂毖昄(max_connections)準䂘嚔嘖橔䂽嘹誻滇嚔婯橕媞櫹喙湩䔇鍊彽㔗
套悩嘹櫽彄婔婻"illegal system call"髍臇闼幽冽橬埇脘滇喙湩湹橸婉櫇毕噌庆喙庻潡蔙媇埙䕇㔗套悩滇認湙䔇臺嘹嫇婔䔇锬拷儌滇麉桄陉䘞喙湩幽婫檪認底䬹攓欷嚔㔗
噿庯陉䘞係䂘 System V IPC 蕇溊䔇䂖誗蓕誗16.4.1㔗
儘䞇埇脘婘垵潙䆇庺䯄䔇髍臇溇傽评啘垘幪蔯婫誻启庫䫘䕩噿嘖䔇䇞橬庹䓉髍臇婯橉媇単䔇劇媘桹嚟䕘毖䕩噿㔗鍴庖婋麵柊彄䔇庹䓉髍臇傖崡䔇閞鵻鄘庫臖婘䕩庫䔇垵潙䆇庫䫘䔇桺懼婺㔗
psql: could not connect to server: Connection refused
Is the server running on host "server.joe.com" and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
認滇亇侹䔇"潏欆婉彄埇傖庴脽䔇橉媇単"髍臇㔗嘷臘商誕臯 TCP/IP 锔螇施垄䩋蕙準償婪麵䔇湙床㔗婩蓕䔇髍臇滇媻螄檪橉媇単陉䘞潊噕螩 TCP/IP 誂毖㔗
埥崡嘷臘商锔誺婔婻 Unix 喖毖庖婯橸橺橉媇単锔螇施嘹嚔䩋彄認婻
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"?
橔劯婔臯埇傖橬昽婄黯臕垵潙䆇誕臯誂毖儺臘施滇劥誂凹庖嘉䘞㔗套悩垂鍙婪澇橬橉媇単婘闼麯誊臯噩傋䔇喙湩髍臇滇償婪麵滆䴺䔇闼湙潡蔙滇 Connection refused 潡 No such file or directory 㔗儴噽襕濘懟䔇滇認䓉䯇嵄婋 Connection refused 䔇媇敇滆䴺幽婉懟叿五橉媇単櫽彄誂毖䇽劯拐䂺庖誂毖㔗闼湙䔇臺嚔库䫘婔婻婉劯䔇媇敇(償誗20.3麯麵滆䴺䔇闼湙)㔗噽垄償 Connection timed out 認湙䔇媇敇臘䴺敘嘺橸䔇閞鵻懫套䚺儏䘏䂩誂毖京㔗