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JavaMail API 發送電子郵件帶有附件

下麵是一個例子從你的機器上選擇附件發送電子郵件。放置到 /home/manisha/ 在本地機器上的 file.txt文件。在這裡,我們使用JangoSMPT服務器通過該電子郵件被發送到我們的目標電子郵件地址。 

要發送電子郵件,其中包含一個內嵌的圖像,遵循的步驟是:

  • 獲得一個會話 Session

  • 創建一個默認  MimeMessage 對象,並設置發件人,收件人,主題(From, To, Subject)在消息中。

  • 實際的消息如下:

    messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");
  • 創建一個MimeMultipart的對象。添加上述messageBodyPart與實際的消息在其設置,這個多重對象。

  • 接下來創建一個DataHandler的如下添加附件:

    messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
    String filename = "/home/manisha/file.txt";
    DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
    messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
    messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
    multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
  • 接下來設置多重如下消息中:

    message.setContent(multipart);
  • 發送使用傳輸對象的消息。

創建Java類

創建一個Java類文件SendAttachmentInEmail,其內容如下:

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class SendAttachmentInEmail {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
      String to = "destinationemail@gmail.com";

      // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
      String from = "fromemail@gmail.com";

      final String username = "manishaspatil";//change accordingly
      final String password = "******";//change accordingly

      // Assuming you are sending email through relay.jangosmtp.net
      String host = "relay.jangosmtp.net";

      Properties props = new Properties();
      props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
      props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
      props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
      props.put("mail.smtp.port", "25");

      // Get the Session object.
      Session session = Session.getInstance(props,
         new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
               return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password);
            }
         });

      try {
         // Create a default MimeMessage object.
         Message message = new MimeMessage(session);

         // Set From: header field of the header.
         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

         // Set To: header field of the header.
         message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,
            InternetAddress.parse(to));

         // Set Subject: header field
         message.setSubject("Testing Subject");

         // Create the message part
         BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();

         // Now set the actual message
         messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");

         // Create a multipar message
         Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

         // Set text message part
         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

         // Part two is attachment
         messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
         String filename = "/home/manisha/file.txt";
         DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
         messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
         messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

         // Send the complete message parts
         message.setContent(multipart);

         // Send message
         Transport.send(message);

         System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
  
      } catch (MessagingException e) {
         throw new RuntimeException(e);
      }
   }
}

由於我們使用的是由主機提供商JangoSMTP提供的SMTP服務器,我們需要驗證用戶名和密碼。javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication類用於驗證的密碼。

編譯並運行

現在,我們班是準備好了,讓我們編譯上麵的類。我已經保存了類SendAttachmentInEmail.java到目錄:/home/manisha/JavaMailAPIExercise.我們需要的jar文件:javax.mail.jar和activation.jar文件在classpath。執行下麵的命令從命令提示符編譯類(兩個jar被放置在/home/manisha/ 目錄下): 

javac -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: SendAttachmentInEmail.java

現在,這個類被編譯,執行下麵的命令來運行:

java -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: SendAttachmentInEmail

驗證輸出

你應該看到下麵的消息命令控製台上:

Sent message successfully....

因為我通過JangoSMTP發送郵件到我的Gmail地址,下麵的郵件會在我的Gmail帳戶的收件箱中接收:

JavaMail API Send Email With Attachment